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But Cao's particular method only worked for models that were far simpler than the LLMs behind today's AI chatbots. It gets worse, though, because Al-powered chatbots are also vulnerable to attacks in which information is concealed in the training data to trick the model into behaving in unintended ways. Such generalisation tends to undercut some of the statistical learning prowess that makes AI chatbots so powerful. [Extracted from the article]...

These are giving rise to a whole new raft of tests promising a better gauge of health -from those that probe your gut bacteria or your metabolites to those that provide you with an "immune grade". Even among people with terminal cancer, those who rate their health as excellent outlive those with the same diagnosis but who rate their health as poor. It is also true that your gut bacteria can change dramatically in response to an infection,...

There are hundreds of freshwater mussel species, Amacker explained, and almost every one tricks a particular species of fish into raising its larvae. Sources: U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Environmental Conservation Online System; U.S. Federal Endangered and Threatened Species by Calendar Year https://ecos.fws.gov/ecp/report/ species-listings-by-year-totals (annual data through 2022); Listed Species Summary (Boxscore) https:// ecos.fws.gov/ecp/report/boxscore...

AS PROMISING AS silicon carbide and gallium nitride are for making extraordinarily resilient electronics, they are difficult to manufacture on Earth without a lot of defects - we can make only small wafers of them here. FEATURES PHOTOGRAPHS BY SPENCER LOWELL WHEN I FIRST LEARNED about a material called silicon carbide, it blew my mind. Gallium nitride can electrically function at temperatures higher than 1,000 degrees C. In the clean rooms at the...

The estrogen receptor - the protein that estrogen binds to in order to do its work - is deeply ancient. Tellingly, in a separate study Mazen J. Hamadeh of York University and his colleagues found that males supplemented with estrogen suffered less muscle breakdown during cycling than those who didn't receive estrogen supplements. Given the fitness world's persistent touting of the hormone testosterone for athletic success, you'd be forgiven...

Although rate cuts are unlikely in the near future, the Fed is winding down its rate-boosting campaign, so now may be a good time to lock in a high yield on a CD. Many one-year CDs with minimum-deposit requirements of $1,000 or less offer yields of more than 5%, and some five-year CDs offer rates north of 4.5%. The high-yield savings account from Evergreen (www.evergreenbank group.com) has a 5.25% yield, no monthly fees and a minimum-deposit requirement...

For example, health insurance costs at manufacturing employers rose by an average of 3.1% from 2022 to 2023, and average employee paycheck contributions went up by 2.9%, according to the Aon study. MONEY AFTER two years of relatively small increases in the cost of employer health insurance, the average cost will rise by 8.5% in 2024, to more than $15,000 per employee, according to Aon, a benefits consulting firm. You generally can't get a subsidy...

Forced labor clearly violates the social pillar of ESG standards, but some analysts noted that it is a widespread issue and praised the firm for addressing the problem quickly. Now, corporate executives and fund managers are more often seeking to provide investors with precise terminology and specific facts to show a company's commitment to issues that are truly material to the firm's business. INVESTING THE KIPLINGER ESG 20 It has been a...

PLANNING A VISIT TO THE ISLANDS Transportation: Lake Titicaca can be reached by bus from Lima or Cusco, both of which have international airports. No one knows exactly how old the Titicaca island culture is. COLUMNS & DEPARTMENTS Stepping onto one of the Uros islands in southern Peru can feel like walking on a bouncy castle. [Extracted from the article]

Certified wildland fire investigators who are also law enforcement officers, such as Muschetto, make ideal team leaders. Tom Kluge was at home getting ready for work when he got the call from an emergency command center dispatch. Kluge radioed for additional investigators - it's strict protocol that wildfire investigators do not work alone on larger burns. "It's really the standard for what we do", says John Bird, a special operations...